Explosive-engine.



A. HAN SON.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.17, 1910.

1,020,81 9. A Patented Mar.19,1912.

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A. HANSON. EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.17, 1910.

Patented Mar. 19, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

zeiezs' Hanson,

A. HANSON.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 1320.17, 1910.

` Patented Mar. 19, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Gifted/MW UniTED srnrns- PATENT onirica.

ANDERS HANSON, OF BUTLER, SOUTH DAKOTA.

mnosivn-nneiim To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ANDERS Hanson, a citizen of the United States,residing at Butler, in the county of Day and State of South Dakota, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Explosive-Engines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to explosivo engines of that type comprising aplurality of cylinders, each containing a piston receiving an operativeimpulse at each end of the cylinder, andin which the pistons of thecylinders are connected for movement in unison for the conjointtransmission of power to the engine shaft.

The object of the invention is to provide an engine of this typeembodying certain novel and improved features of construction,

- combination and arrangement of parts, as

hereinafter fully described and claimed, whereby increased eiiiciency ofoperation is secured.

In the, accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of anexplosive engine constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 isa top plan view of the saine. 'Fig 3 is a horizontal section through theengine cylinders. Fig. 4is a vertical longitudinal section through oneof the engine cylinders. Figs. 5 and 6 are cross sections on the lines5-5 and 6-6 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a detail view of one of the adrrissionvalves and is actuating rod or stmn. Figs. 8 and 9 aredetail'longitudinal and transverse sectional views through one ofthepistons. Fig. 10 is a detail view of one of the sections of the pistoncasing.

Referring to the drawings, 1` and- 2 desigi'ate two parallel cylinders,preferably, but not necessarily, formed in a single casting, saidcylinders being separated by a partition Wall 3, the partition wall andsides of the respective c linders being rovided intermediatelyotytheir'length with longitudinal guide slots 4 and 5. Each cylinder isprovided at its opposite vends with explosion spaces or chambers 6 and7.

Arranged for operation in each cylinder is adouble or duplex piston,comprising a. pair of heads 8 and a connecting stem 9, the two pistonsbeing coupled to reciprocate as a unit by a transverse bar 10 extendingthrough and movable within the slots 4 and 5 and passing throughsuitable openings 11 in the piston stems. The ends of the bar 10 projectbeyond the sides of the cylinders l Sppeoication of Letters '.Patent.Application'nled December 17, 1910. Serial I 'o. 597,806.

Patented' Mar. 191.4912.

and are connected by rods or bars' 12 with cross heads 13 Aoperating insuitable 14, said cross heads being coupled'by the usual connecting rods15 to the cranks of the engine shaft 16 journaled in suitable bearingsat one. endof the engine structure. Each cylinder is rovided with awater space or jacket 17 or the circulation of the cooling water, whichspace or jacket is in communication with a water supply ipe 18, saidpipe being provided with branc es connecting with the jackets of therespective cylinders. Each cylinder is also provided at its oppositeends with an exhaust chamber 18', one having an exhaust outlet 19, thetwo chambers being connected by an exhaust pipe 20. l

The bores of the respective cylinders are closed by counterpart endheads 21, each including an outer wall 22 and inner wall 2 3. In theseare formed water spaces 24 coinmunicating with the respective jackets,and exhaust passages 25 coinmunicatin with the adjacentexplosion chamberan adjacent exhaust chamber 18', respectively, through port-sl 26 and27. The walls of'each head are provided with suitable openings for thepassage of securing bolts 28 and also for the reception of spark plugs29, which may be connected with any suitable timecontrolled electricalspark circuit, not shown.

At the end of the cylinder is provided an admission chamber 30conrfnunicating with the fuel mixture supply pipe 31 and with theadjacent explosion chamber through a port 32. The exhaust port 26 iscontrolled by an inwardly movable exhaust valve 33 provided with anoutwardly extending sliding'stem 34, while the admission poit 32 iscontrolled by an outwardly movable valve 35 carried by a slidin stem 36.The stem 36 is mounted in suitgble guides for longitudinal slidingmotion abo a its cylinder and extends at its innei end :nto a suitablecasing 37. Said stem 36 consists of two sections 38 and 39, having athreaded engagement as at 40, the inner end of the inner section 38being provided with a contact piece 4l, while the outer end of the outersection 39 is provided with a head or enlargement 42 on which is littcdan internally threaded socket 43 receiving a screw 44 which passesthrough the valve 35 and, through the described connections secures saidvalve to the stem. The exhaust valve stem 34 is pivotallyjconnected toone end of a transmission -lever 45 intermediately pivoted upon theadjacent head 21 and connected at 1ts opposite end by an arm 46 with asliding stem 47 5 projecting into the casing 37 and carrying a contactmember 48. Heads 49 and 50 are provided upon the respeetive`stems 36`and 47 andare en aged by springs 51 and 52, respectively, w ich springsoperate to hold the exhaust and admission valves normally closed-Valve-operating shafts 53 -and 54 are journaled inparallel relation inthe casing 37 and extendtransversely across the top of the cylinders,said shafts being connected at one end by intermeshing gears 55 torevolve in unison at` the same rate of speed. The said shafts arerespectively provided with wipers or cams 56 and 57 to respectivelyenga'gethe heads 4l and 48 of the respective stems 36A 'andf47, thewipers of one shaft controlling the stems of and operating the ,valves.a-tone4 end of the cylinders, while the wipers upon the other shaftoperate' the ,stems controlling the valves at the opposite A ends ofthecylinders. The wipers or cams 'iol arjan'gedas to operate the valves in.L accordlfor the admission of the ex- ;:plllsiv' xixturenand exhaust ofthe spent `gses'a .the proper periods. The shaft 54 extends -latone endbeyond the casing and carresfa Sprocket wheel 57 connected with asprocket wheel 58 on the engine shaft by a sprocketthain 59, whereby thevalve operating shafts are driven.

rIfhe operation of the engine will be apparentto those versed in the artWithout further. description, and it will be seen that a durable engineis provided in which each cylinder is formed with an explosion chamberat each end and the duplex pistons operate within said cylinders to moveas a unit in the same direction and receive impulses at .each end`oftheir stroke, whereby an impulse is also transmitted to the crankshaft at the end of each piston stroke. It will also he seen that asimple and effective valve mechanism is provided for controlling theadmission and exhaust. By the mode of connecting the pistons and that ofcoupling the same through the extended ends of the' bar 10 with thecross heads and crank shaft a simple method of transmitting parier isalso-providedxand one in which the re-:ult is secured withoutcomplication of parts. In

practice, the piston heads a rc preferably of,

the novel const rnction disclosed in order to decrease their wear uponthe surfaces of the cylinders. Each piston head is provided with theusual expansible packing rings GO and is formed with intervening annularribs 61. Inclosing the head is an expausible casing, consisting of anannular series of segment. al sections 62, said sections being providedwith interiitting fingers 63 adapted to permit said sections to haverelative movement for expansion and contraction. The ends of thesegmental sections are formed with flanges 64 to engage the ends of thehead, and said sections are provided with internal grooves 65 and 66 toreceive the rings and ribs upon the cylinder. The sections of thecasing, which may be made of any suitable material, have smooth outerfaces adapted to contact with the wall of the cylinder, said sectionsbeing pressed out by the packing rings so as to always maintain a closejoint between the piston and cylinder. By the use of a sectional casingthe packing rings maybe utilized to afford bearing pressure, while atthe same time said -rings are prevented from bearing directly upon andcutting the surfaces of the cylinder, the sectional casing affording apractically uniform surface, whereby liability of cutting the wall ofthe cylinder is reduced to a minimum.

Having thus described the invention, I claim 1. An engine of thecharacter described embodying a pair of parallel cylinders sep- 'aratedby an intervening partition, said partition and the outer walls of thecylinders being provided with central longitudinal guide slots, eachcylinder being further providedv at its opposite ends with explosionchambers and admission and exhaust chambers communicating therewith,heads closing the ends of the cylinders, admission and exhaust Avalvescontrolling communication between the cylinders and the sets ofadmission and exhaust chambers, sliding stems carrying said valves,operating stems for the exhaust valves, levers connecting said operatingstems with the sliding carrier stems of the exhaust valves, rotaryshafts in gear with each other and provided with cams to engage andoperate the carrier stems of the admission valves and operating stems ofthe exhaust valves at timed intrvals, a double piston operatin r in eachcylinder, each piston compris g a pair of heads and a connecting stem,guides upon thc outer sides of the cylinders, a crank shaft, a barcarried by the piston stems and extending through the said guide slotsin the partition and outer walls of the cylinders, cross heads movablein said guides ir the outer sides of the cylinders, connecting rodsbetween thecross heads andcranli shaft, and connections between the rossheads and the projecting ends of the bar.

2. An engine of the character described comprising a pal'l'Hof cylindershaving ex plosion chambers at each end thereof, duplex pistons operatingin said cylinders and con nected for movement in unison, admissiorvalves at the ends of the cylinders, operating stems directly connectedwith said valves exhaust valves at the ends of the cylinders leversconnected with said exhaust valves, operating stems connected with thelevers, springs acting upon the operating stems of the admission andeXliaust valves for Anormally holding said valves closed, a pair ofparallel shafts geared to rotate in unison;

cams carried by the respective shafts for shifting the operating rods ofthe Valves at the opposite ends of the cylinders to open said valvesagainst the resistance or" their springs, a crank shaft., connectionsbetween .the pistons and the crank shaft, and drive In testimony whereofI aHiX my signature 15 in presence of two witnesses.

' ANDERS' HANSON. Witnesses:

N. E. BJERKE, IDA E. BJElugn

